What is Diclofenac?
Diclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that works by inhibiting the body’s production of prostaglandins, substances that cause inflammation, pain, and fever. While many are familiar with oral NSAIDs like ibuprofen, diclofenac is also available in topical gel formulations that are applied directly to the skin to treat localized conditions. This topical application allows the medication to concentrate at the affected area with lower systemic absorption compared to oral versions, which helps minimize some side effects. However, even topical diclofenac carries warnings for cardiovascular and gastrointestinal risks, similar to other NSAIDs.
Voltaren: The Gel for Arthritis Pain
Voltaren is a brand of topical diclofenac, specifically formulated as a 1% gel for the treatment of osteoarthritis pain. It is available over-the-counter (OTC) and is intended for use on joints that are amenable to topical treatment, such as the knees, ankles, feet, hands, wrists, and elbows. It is not approved for use on larger or deeper joints like the spine, hip, or shoulder. Voltaren provides localized pain relief by fighting inflammation at the source and may take up to seven days of consistent use to achieve the full benefit for arthritis pain. It is important for users to follow the dosing instructions carefully, using the dosing card provided with the product to ensure accurate application and avoid overdose.
Solaraze: The Treatment for Actinic Keratosis
Solaraze, or more commonly its generic 3% diclofenac sodium gel, is a prescription medication with a different purpose than Voltaren. It is used for the topical treatment of actinic keratosis (AK), a precancerous skin condition caused by sun damage. Actinic keratoses are rough, scaly patches on the skin that, if left untreated, could potentially develop into a type of skin cancer. The mechanism of action for treating AK is not fully known but is thought to involve blocking proteins that help form new skin cells and blood vessels. Treatment with the 3% gel typically lasts for 2 to 3 months, and due to its potential side effects and specific use, it requires a doctor's prescription. Note that the brand name Solaraze has been discontinued in the United States, but the generic 3% formulation is still available.
Comparison Table: Voltaren vs. Solaraze
| Feature | Voltaren (1% Diclofenac Gel) | Solaraze (3% Diclofenac Gel) |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Use | Osteoarthritis pain | Actinic keratosis |
| Active Ingredient | Diclofenac Sodium | Diclofenac Sodium |
| Concentration | 1% | 3% |
| Availability | Over-the-counter (OTC) | Prescription only |
| Dosing | Up to 4 times daily for arthritis pain | Twice daily for 2-3 months |
| Brand Name Status | Currently available | Discontinued (generic available) |
Why Concentration and Purpose Matter
For topical medications, the concentration of the active ingredient and the vehicle (the substance that carries the drug) are carefully chosen to optimize treatment for a specific condition. Using a 3% gel for arthritis or a 1% gel for actinic keratosis would be both ineffective and inappropriate. The higher concentration of diclofenac in the 3% gel is necessary to effectively treat the skin lesions of actinic keratosis over a prolonged period. In contrast, the lower concentration of the 1% gel is sufficient for providing localized pain relief for arthritis in specific joints. Furthermore, the vehicle for the 3% gel is formulated differently than that for the 1% gel, and their overall effect on the skin is distinct.
Side Effects and Safety Warnings
Both gels are generally well-tolerated, but they can cause localized skin reactions at the application site, such as:
- Redness
- Dryness
- Scaling
- Itching
- Burning or stinging sensation
Because diclofenac is an NSAID, there is also a risk of systemic side effects, even with topical use. These can include stomach problems, cardiovascular risks (such as an increased risk of heart attack or stroke), and potential kidney issues, especially with long-term use, higher doses, or for those with pre-existing conditions. Patients with a history of heart disease, stomach ulcers, or allergies to aspirin or other NSAIDs should consult a doctor before use.
Key Usage Instructions
- Follow the directions: Always use the medication exactly as prescribed by a doctor or as indicated on the OTC product's label.
- Wash hands: Wash hands thoroughly before and after application, unless you are treating the hands themselves.
- Protect from sun: Avoid or limit sun exposure on treated skin, as diclofenac can increase skin sensitivity to sunlight.
- Do not combine: Avoid taking oral NSAIDs (like ibuprofen or aspirin) while using topical diclofenac without consulting a healthcare provider, as this can increase the risk of side effects.
- Wash off promptly: Do not cover the treated area with bandages or heat, and wait at least 10 minutes before covering with clothing.
Conclusion
While the active ingredient diclofenac sodium is common to both, Voltaren and Solaraze are not the same thing. Voltaren 1% gel is an OTC product designed to treat osteoarthritis pain in specific joints, while Solaraze (now generic diclofenac 3% gel) is a prescription medication formulated for the treatment of sun-induced actinic keratosis lesions. Their critical differences in concentration and intended use mean they are not interchangeable. Patients should always use the correct formulation for their specific condition as directed by a healthcare provider to ensure safety and effectiveness.
For more information on diclofenac, you can consult reliable sources like the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
