Understanding Strattera and its Function
Strattera, the brand name for atomoxetine, is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) prescribed for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) [1.3.3, 1.3.7]. Unlike stimulant medications such as Adderall or Ritalin, Strattera works by increasing the amount of norepinephrine in the brain, a neurotransmitter that helps with attention, impulse control, and activity levels [1.3.3]. It is often chosen for individuals who may not tolerate or respond well to stimulants [1.5.4]. While effective for managing ADHD symptoms, it comes with a distinct profile of potential side effects, with gastrointestinal issues being frequently reported [1.3.1, 1.3.4].
Can Strattera Cause Constipation?
Yes, constipation is a well-documented side effect of Strattera, especially in adult patients [1.2.2, 1.2.3]. Clinical studies show that constipation occurs in up to 11% of adult users, compared to just 3-4% in placebo groups [1.6.1, 1.6.3]. While it can also occur in children and adolescents, it is reported less frequently in these populations, with about 2% experiencing it versus 1% on a placebo [1.6.3]. Other common gastrointestinal side effects include dry mouth, nausea, and abdominal pain [1.6.1].
The mechanism behind this is linked to how atomoxetine affects the nervous system. Norepinephrine plays a role in regulating gut motility. By increasing norepinephrine levels, Strattera can inadvertently slow down the muscular contractions of the digestive tract, leading to delayed transit of stool and increased water absorption, which results in constipation [1.6.8]. This effect is similar to that seen in other classes of medication that influence neurotransmitters, such as tricyclic antidepressants [1.6.8].
Managing Constipation While on Strattera
For many, constipation caused by Strattera is a manageable side effect that may lessen as the body adjusts to the medication [1.6.7]. However, if the issue persists, several strategies can provide relief without needing to stop the medication. It's crucial to discuss any persistent or severe side effects with a healthcare provider.
Lifestyle and Dietary Adjustments
- Increase Fiber Intake: Consuming 25-30 grams of fiber daily from sources like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes can help add bulk and softness to stool [1.4.7].
- Stay Hydrated: Drinking plenty of water, typically around 8 glasses a day unless advised otherwise, is essential to help fiber work effectively and prevent hard, dry stools [1.4.1, 1.4.7].
- Regular Exercise: Physical activity, such as 30 minutes of walking each day, stimulates natural muscle contractions in the intestines, helping to move stool along [1.4.7].
- Establish a Routine: Attempting a bowel movement at the same time each day can help regulate your body's natural rhythm [1.4.7].
Over-the-Counter (OTC) Options
If lifestyle changes are not sufficient, a healthcare provider may suggest OTC remedies. It is important to consult a doctor or pharmacist before starting any new medication [1.4.2].
- Fiber Supplements: Products containing psyllium (like Metamucil) or methylcellulose (Citrucel) can be an effective way to increase fiber intake [1.4.4, 1.4.5].
- Stool Softeners: Medications like docusate sodium (Colace) work by drawing more water into the stool, making it easier to pass [1.4.1].
- Osmotic Laxatives: Polyethylene glycol (Miralax) is a common option that helps bring more fluid into the intestines to relieve constipation [1.4.1, 1.4.2].
Comparing Strattera and Other ADHD Medications
When considering ADHD treatments, it's helpful to compare their side effect profiles. Constipation is a notable side effect for Strattera, whereas it's less commonly associated with stimulant medications like Adderall [1.5.2].
| Feature | Strattera (Atomoxetine) | Stimulants (e.g., Adderall, Ritalin) |
|---|---|---|
| Drug Class | Non-stimulant (SNRI) [1.3.3] | Stimulant [1.5.1] |
| Primary Mechanism | Increases norepinephrine [1.3.3] | Increases dopamine and norepinephrine [1.5.1] |
| Common GI Side Effects | Dry mouth, nausea, constipation, abdominal pain [1.6.1] | Decreased appetite, abdominal pain, nausea, weight loss [1.5.2] |
| Constipation | Common in adults (up to 11%) [1.6.1] | Not listed as a primary or common side effect [1.5.2] |
| Other Key Side Effects | Fatigue, dizziness, potential for urinary hesitation [1.2.2, 1.2.1] | Insomnia, nervousness, potential for misuse and dependence [1.5.2, 1.5.4] |
Conclusion
Constipation is a recognized and relatively common side effect for adults taking Strattera for ADHD [1.2.3, 1.6.2]. It stems from the medication's intended effect on the neurotransmitter norepinephrine, which also influences gut function [1.6.8]. Fortunately, this side effect is often manageable through straightforward dietary and lifestyle adjustments, such as increasing fiber and water intake and staying physically active [1.4.1, 1.4.7]. If these measures don't provide adequate relief, over-the-counter options are available, but should be discussed with a healthcare professional [1.4.2]. Patients should always communicate with their doctor about any side effects, as they can provide personalized advice and rule out other potential causes.
For more detailed information on atomoxetine, you can visit the National Library of Medicine's MedlinePlus page [1.3.1].
