Category: Therapeutic drug monitoring

Gentamicin, a powerful aminoglycoside antibiotic, has a narrow therapeutic index, making vigilant monitoring of blood concentrations essential to balance efficacy and safety. Knowing **what is the serum level of gentamicin?** is critical for clinicians to ensure the drug effectively treats severe bacterial infections while avoiding serious toxicities.

Valproic acid has a narrow therapeutic window, meaning the line between an effective dose and a toxic one is fine. This makes routine testing of **what are valproate levels** critical for ensuring efficacy and patient safety.

The global therapeutic drug monitoring market was valued at USD 1.80 billion in 2023, highlighting the importance of precise dosing [1.9.1]. A key component of this is understanding **what is a drug trough**, the lowest concentration of a medication in the body before the next dose.