Understanding Eliquis (Apixaban)
Eliquis, with the generic name apixaban, is a widely prescribed oral anticoagulant, commonly known as a blood thinner [1.3.4]. Its primary function is to reduce the risk of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation [1.6.1]. It is also used to treat and prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) [1.8.3]. Apixaban works as a direct factor Xa inhibitor [1.7.2]. Factor Xa is a crucial component in the blood clotting process. By selectively blocking this factor, Eliquis decreases thrombin generation and disrupts the formation of blood clots [1.7.4, 1.7.5]. Unlike older anticoagulants like warfarin, Eliquis has a more predictable effect and typically does not require regular blood monitoring.
Does Eliquis Cause Dizziness?
Dizziness is a recognized but not highly common side effect of taking Eliquis [1.2.1]. While many patients tolerate the medication well, a feeling of being dizzy, lightheaded, or faint can occur [1.3.2, 1.3.7]. The sensation might be more prevalent when you first start the medication as your body adjusts [1.5.1]. It is also reported to be more likely in older adults [1.2.1].
There are several reasons why you might experience dizziness while on Eliquis:
- Direct Medication Effect: For some individuals, dizziness can be a direct pharmacological effect of the drug, though the exact mechanism is not fully understood [1.2.1].
- Low Blood Pressure (Hypotension): As an anticoagulant, Eliquis can sometimes contribute to a drop in blood pressure, which is a common cause of dizziness [1.2.7].
- Anemia: Eliquis increases the risk of bleeding, which can sometimes be subtle. Chronic, low-level blood loss can lead to anemia (a low red blood cell count). Symptoms of anemia include fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, and dizziness [1.2.1, 1.5.3].
- Internal Bleeding: This is the most serious concern. Dizziness, especially when it appears suddenly and is accompanied by a severe headache, confusion, changes in vision, or weakness, can be a sign of bleeding in the brain [1.2.3]. Dizziness combined with stomach pain or black, tarry stools could indicate gastrointestinal bleeding [1.2.1]. Any suspicion of serious bleeding requires immediate medical attention [1.3.2].
Other Side Effects of Eliquis
Beyond dizziness, it's important to be aware of other potential side effects. The most significant risk associated with any blood thinner is bleeding [1.6.1].
Common Side Effects
- Bleeding more easily than normal (e.g., nosebleeds, bleeding gums) [1.3.4]
- Unusual bruising [1.2.5]
- Nausea [1.2.1, 1.2.7]
- Anemia [1.2.1]
Serious Side Effects Requiring Immediate Medical Attention
- Unexpected or uncontrollable bleeding [1.3.6]
- Severe headache, confusion, or changes in speech [1.2.3]
- Red, pink, or dark brown urine [1.2.3]
- Red or black, tarry stools [1.2.3]
- Coughing up or vomiting blood, or vomit that looks like coffee grounds [1.3.2]
- Symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, such as chest pain, swelling of the face or tongue, and difficulty breathing [1.2.4]
Eliquis vs. Xarelto: A Side Effect Comparison
Eliquis and Xarelto (rivaroxaban) are both factor Xa inhibitors and are often prescribed for similar conditions. While their primary side effect is bleeding, there are some differences in their reported side effect profiles.
| Feature | Eliquis (apixaban) | Xarelto (rivaroxaban) |
|---|---|---|
| Mechanism | Direct Factor Xa Inhibitor [1.7.2] | Direct Factor Xa Inhibitor [1.4.1] |
| Common Side Effects | Nausea, anemia, bruising, minor bleeding [1.2.7]. | Back pain, stomach pain, fatigue, itching [1.4.3]. |
| Reported Dizziness | Dizziness is a known side effect [1.2.5]. | Dizziness is a known side effect [1.4.2, 1.4.3]. |
| Bleeding Risk | Generally has a lower risk of major bleeding compared to Xarelto in some studies [1.4.7]. | Bleeding is the most common side effect [1.4.2]. |
| Dosing | Usually taken twice daily [1.3.4]. | Often taken once daily. |
Managing Dizziness While Taking Eliquis
If you experience mild dizziness, especially when starting the medication, these tips may help [1.5.1, 1.5.3]:
- Move Slowly: Get up slowly from a sitting or lying position to allow your blood pressure to adjust.
- Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day, as dehydration can worsen dizziness [1.5.1].
- Avoid Alcohol: Heavy alcohol consumption can increase the effect of Eliquis and may worsen dizziness [1.5.2].
- Eat Regular Meals: To avoid drops in blood sugar that can cause lightheadedness, eat smaller, more frequent meals [1.5.1].
- Inform Your Doctor: Keep a record of when dizziness occurs, its severity, and any other associated symptoms. Discuss this with your healthcare provider during your next visit [1.5.2].
It is critical not to stop taking Eliquis on your own, as this can significantly increase your risk of a stroke or blood clot [1.6.1].
Conclusion
So, does Eliquis cause dizziness? Yes, it can, although it is not considered one of the most frequent side effects [1.2.1, 1.2.5]. The feeling of dizziness may be a benign, temporary issue as your body adapts to the medication, or it could signal a more serious underlying problem like low blood pressure, anemia, or internal bleeding [1.2.1, 1.2.7]. Patients should manage mild symptoms by staying hydrated and moving carefully but must seek immediate medical help for sudden, severe, or persistent dizziness, especially when accompanied by other signs of bleeding [1.2.3, 1.3.2]. Always maintain open communication with your healthcare provider to ensure the safe and effective use of this important medication.
For more detailed patient information, you can visit the official ELIQUIS® patient website.
