The use of numbing creams containing local anesthetics like lidocaine has become increasingly popular for managing tattoo pain. While the promise of a pain-free experience is appealing, it's a decision that comes with potential complications. Both clients and artists must weigh the benefits of reduced discomfort against several significant drawbacks that can impact safety, the artistic process, and the final tattoo's quality.
Serious Health and Safety Concerns
Topical anesthetics, particularly those with high concentrations of lidocaine, are not without risk. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued warnings regarding the misuse of these products, which can lead to life-threatening complications.
The Dangers of Systemic Absorption
When improperly applied, the active numbing ingredients can be absorbed into the bloodstream in dangerous quantities. This risk is amplified under certain conditions and can lead to lidocaine toxicity. Signs of systemic toxicity can include:
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Tingling or numbness around the mouth
- Irregular heartbeat
- Muscle twitching or tremors
- Seizures
- Difficulty breathing
- Cardiac arrest in severe cases
Factors that increase the risk of systemic absorption include:
- Applying high-percentage numbing creams (the FDA recommends no more than 4% lidocaine for OTC use).
- Covering the cream with plastic wrap or occlusive dressings for extended periods.
- Using it on large areas of the body.
- Applying it to irritated, broken, or scraped skin.
Allergic and Skin Reactions
Beyond systemic risks, local skin reactions can occur. Some individuals may be allergic or sensitive to the ingredients in numbing cream, with symptoms manifesting as:
- Redness
- Itching
- Swelling
- Rashes
To mitigate this, a patch test is highly recommended several days before the tattoo appointment. Choosing a high-quality, reputable brand can reduce risks, but does not eliminate them entirely.
Adverse Effects on the Tattooing Process
From an artistic perspective, numbing cream presents several challenges that can affect the artist's ability to work and the quality of the final tattoo. Many tattoo artists are openly against its use for these reasons.
Altered Skin Texture and Consistency
One of the most common complaints from artists is how numbing cream alters the skin. It can make the skin feel spongy, leathery, or flabby, making it harder to work on. This change in consistency can compromise the artist's ability to create clean lines and consistent shading, potentially leading to a less precise result. Some creams, especially those with a glycerin base, can make the skin greasy and slippery.
Uneven Ink Absorption and Healing
The altered skin texture can also interfere with how the skin absorbs ink. This may result in uneven coloring, patchy saturation, or ink fallout during the healing process. Artists often rely on the skin’s natural resistance and swelling as cues for pressure and depth. Without these cues, an artist might accidentally overwork the skin, which can damage tissue and prolong healing.
Inconsistent and Diminishing Effectiveness
The numbing effect of most creams lasts only a few hours. For longer, more intricate sessions, the cream will inevitably wear off, often unevenly. This can result in a sudden and potentially more intense rush of pain, which is both physically and psychologically jarring for the client and can cause them to flinch or move. The inconsistent pain relief is a primary reason for artist hesitation.
Potential Interference with Healing
Some numbing agents, especially higher-concentration formulas or certain vasoconstrictors, can disrupt the skin’s natural healing response. The constriction of blood vessels can impede proper circulation to the tattooed area. This interference can potentially prolong the healing process, increasing the risk of infection or other complications.
Numbing Cream: Risks vs. Benefits
Choosing whether to use numbing cream involves weighing the immediate benefit of pain relief against the potential long-term risks. The following table provides a clear comparison:
| Feature | Risks of Using Numbing Cream | Benefits of Using Numbing Cream |
|---|---|---|
| Tattoo Quality | Can alter skin texture, leading to less precise lines, inconsistent shading, and potential ink fallout. | Allows client to remain still, potentially aiding the artist with intricate details without distractions from movement. |
| Healing Process | May prolong or complicate healing by affecting blood flow and skin integrity. | Some formulations with ingredients like Vitamin E may offer anti-inflammatory benefits during the initial healing stage. |
| Safety | Risk of systemic toxicity (e.g., seizures, irregular heartbeat) with improper application. Risk of allergic reactions and localized skin irritation. | Considered safe for most when used correctly and in moderation, especially low-concentration, water-based products. |
| Pain Management | Numbing effect is temporary and may wear off unevenly, leading to sudden, heightened pain. Pain is an important feedback loop for the artist. | Reduces pain and anxiety, making long or painful sessions more manageable for those with low pain tolerance. |
| Artist Collaboration | Some artists may refuse to work on pre-numbed skin; using it can strain the artist-client relationship. | Enables clients with lower pain tolerance to endure sessions they might otherwise skip. |
Alternatives to Numbing Cream
If you are concerned about the downsides of numbing cream, there are safer, artist-approved methods to manage tattoo pain:
- Communicate with your artist: Discuss your concerns about pain and explore alternatives. Some artists may have their own preferred, low-concentration numbing sprays for use on broken skin during the session.
- Take regular breaks: For long sessions, scheduling regular short breaks can help manage discomfort and fatigue without compromising the artwork.
- Prioritize a good night's sleep: Arriving well-rested and hydrated can significantly increase your pain tolerance and overall stamina.
- Eat a solid meal: Don't get tattooed on an empty stomach. Having a good meal beforehand helps regulate blood sugar and energy levels.
- Use breathing exercises and distraction: Techniques like controlled breathing, meditation, or watching a show on your phone can help take your mind off the pain.
Conclusion
While numbing cream can provide temporary relief from tattoo pain, its use is far from harmless. The potential downsides—including health risks from systemic absorption, interference with artistic quality, and altered healing—demand serious consideration. It's vital to prioritize communication with your tattoo artist, use products cautiously according to manufacturer instructions, and explore safer pain management strategies. Ultimately, an informed client who is aware of the risks is better equipped to achieve a safe and satisfying tattoo experience.
For more detailed guidance on numbing agents, consult authoritative medical resources like the FDA's website.
