Medications and Pharmacology: What is Saheli?, the Non-Hormonal Contraceptive Pill

October 7, 2025 •

3 min read

Developed by the Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI) in Lucknow, India, Saheli is the world's first non-hormonal, non-steroidal oral contraceptive pill. This article explores What is Saheli?, its unique mechanism of action, key advantages, and role in family planning.

Quick Summary

Saheli is a non-hormonal, once-weekly oral contraceptive pill containing the active ingredient centchroman (ormeloxifene). It works as a Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator to alter the uterine lining and prevent implantation, distinguishing it from hormonal birth control pills.

Key Points

Non-Hormonal Contraceptive: Saheli is the world's first non-steroidal oral contraceptive pill, containing the active ingredient centchroman (ormeloxifene).
Weekly Dosage: It is conveniently taken once a week after an initial three-month loading phase of twice-weekly pills.
SERM Mechanism: As a Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM), it works by altering the uterine lining to prevent the implantation of a fertilized egg, rather than inhibiting ovulation.
Reduced Side Effects: It is known for having very few side effects compared to hormonal contraceptives, avoiding common issues like weight gain and mood swings.
Primarily Available in India: Developed in India by the CDRI, its availability is largely restricted to the Indian market.

Understanding Saheli: A Unique Non-Hormonal Contraceptive

Saheli, with its active ingredient Centchroman (ormeloxifene), is a pioneering oral contraceptive, first marketed in India in 1991 and later included in the government's family planning program. It is the world's first non-hormonal, non-steroidal oral contraceptive. The name 'Saheli' means 'female friend' in Hindi and reflects its purpose in offering women a reliable family planning method. It is primarily available in India, where its safety and efficacy are well-established.

The Pharmacology of Centchroman (Ormeloxifene)

The active ingredient, centchroman, is a synthetic Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM). SERMs can act differently in various body parts, either mimicking or blocking estrogen. Centchroman acts as an anti-estrogen in the uterus, making the uterine lining less receptive to implantation, while potentially having estrogenic effects elsewhere. This selective action is crucial for its contraceptive effect and minimizes systemic hormonal impact.

Key features of Centchroman:

Active Molecule: Centchroman (Ormeloxifene).
Drug Class: Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM).
Selective Action: Blocks estrogen in the uterus, potentially with beneficial effects elsewhere.

Mechanism of Action: How Saheli Prevents Pregnancy

Saheli primarily prevents pregnancy by preventing the implantation of a fertilized egg, a different mechanism from hormonal pills that inhibit ovulation. Centchroman, as a SERM, alters the uterine lining (endometrium), making it unsuitable for implantation. It delays endometrial maturation and may accelerate the transport of a fertilized egg through the fallopian tubes. This creates an environment where implantation is unlikely without significantly altering the ovulatory cycle or endocrine system. Its effects are reversible, with fertility returning quickly after discontinuation.

Key Advantages and Benefits

Saheli's non-hormonal nature offers several advantages over traditional hormonal contraceptives.

Benefits of Saheli:

Reduced Side Effects: Avoids common hormonal side effects like weight gain, nausea, and mood swings.
Convenient Dosage: Once-weekly dosage after the initial phase is easier to remember.
Preserves Hormonal Balance: Does not interfere with natural hormone levels.
Reversible Contraception: Fertility typically returns quickly after stopping.
Suitable for Breastfeeding: Safe for breastfeeding mothers due to its non-hormonal composition.

Potential Side Effects and Precautions

Saheli is considered to have very few side effects, but some women may experience mild issues like nausea, headaches, or menstrual irregularities, especially initially. These usually improve over time. Serious side effects are rare. Certain antibiotics, like Tetracycline and Amoxycillin, may reduce Saheli's effectiveness. Saheli is not recommended for women with specific conditions, such as liver disease or PCOS. Always consult a healthcare provider about any concerns or existing conditions.

Comparison Table: Saheli vs. Hormonal Oral Contraceptives


Feature	Saheli (Non-Hormonal)	Hormonal OCPs (e.g., Combined Pill)
Active Ingredient	Centchroman (Ormeloxifene)	Estrogen + Progestin or Progestin-only
Mechanism	SERM action, prevents implantation	Suppresses ovulation and thickens cervical mucus
Dosage Frequency	Once weekly (after first 3 months)	Daily
Side Effects	Very few, mainly initial nausea or headache	Common, including weight gain, mood swings, nausea
Hormone Impact	Does not disturb natural hormonal balance	Directly modulates hormonal levels
Reversibility	Rapid return to fertility	May take several weeks or months
Availability	Primarily in India	Widely available globally

Dosage and Administration

Saheli is typically administered on a weekly schedule. Following an initial period of more frequent dosing, the medication is taken once a week. Consulting with a healthcare provider is essential to determine the appropriate schedule and ensure proper use.

Conclusion

Saheli offers a non-hormonal, effective, and convenient oral contraceptive option. Its unique SERM mechanism prevents implantation without the systemic hormonal side effects of traditional pills. Primarily available in India, Saheli is a significant development in reproductive health, offering an alternative for women seeking to avoid hormonal manipulation and make informed family planning choices. This non-hormonal solution highlights ongoing innovation in contraceptive science. Learn more about Saheli and its non-hormonal mechanism.

Frequently Asked Questions

Saheli is a non-hormonal contraceptive, whereas most standard birth control pills contain synthetic hormones like estrogen and progestin. Saheli works by preventing implantation, not by inhibiting ovulation, and has a weekly dosage schedule.

Saheli is taken on a specific schedule that involves more frequent dosing initially, followed by a once-weekly tablet. Consult a healthcare provider for the precise schedule.

While generally free from hormonal side effects, some women may experience mild and temporary issues such as nausea, headaches, or menstrual irregularities during the initial phase.

Yes, Saheli has been proven safe for long-term use in studies and real-world application. It does not interfere with the natural hormonal balance and is easily reversible.

As of current information, Saheli is primarily available only in India. It is not widely marketed in other countries due to regulatory and testing requirements.

No, Saheli is easily reversible. Once discontinued, fertility typically returns quickly as the medication does not permanently alter the body's natural hormonal balance.

Yes, unlike many hormonal contraceptives, Saheli is considered safe for breastfeeding women as it does not interfere with the natural hormonal balance.