The Generic Name: Dapagliflozin
Farxiga is the registered trade name used by the manufacturer, AstraZeneca. The active ingredient is dapagliflozin, which is the generic name. After the patent expires, other companies can produce generic versions, which are often cheaper. Prasco markets an authorized generic dapagliflozin. FDA-approved generic drugs are bioequivalent to brand-name versions, ensuring equal safety and effectiveness.
How Farxiga (Dapagliflozin) Works: The SGLT2 Inhibitor Mechanism
Dapagliflozin is an SGLT2 inhibitor. The SGLT2 protein in the kidneys reabsorbs glucose. By blocking SGLT2, dapagliflozin increases the excretion of glucose and sodium in urine. This lowers blood sugar, reduces kidney stress, and improves heart function.
Approved Medical Uses for Farxiga
Farxiga's uses include Type 2 diabetes, certain heart failure types, and chronic kidney disease, but not Type 1 diabetes.
Type 2 Diabetes
Farxiga, with diet and exercise, improves blood sugar in adults and children 10 and older with Type 2 diabetes. It lowers A1C and fasting blood sugar. For adults with Type 2 diabetes and heart disease risk, it reduces hospitalization risk for heart failure.
Heart Failure
Farxiga reduces the risk of cardiovascular death and hospitalization for heart failure in adults with certain types. By reducing sodium reabsorption, it eases the heart's workload. Studies showed it significantly lowered risks in patients with and without Type 2 diabetes.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Approved for adults with CKD at risk of progression, Farxiga reduces the risk of worsening kidney function, end-stage kidney disease, cardiovascular death, and hospitalization for heart failure. It protects kidneys by reducing stress.
Dosage and Administration Considerations
Farxiga is available in different strengths and is typically taken once daily, with or without food. It's crucial to follow a healthcare provider's instructions regarding the appropriate dosage and administration schedule for your specific condition and medical history, as dosage may vary and require adjustments based on individual factors like kidney function.
Side Effects and Safety Information
Farxiga has common and serious side effects.
Common Side Effects
- Genital yeast infections
- Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
- Increased urination
- Common cold symptoms
- Back pain
- Nausea
Serious Side Effects
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
- Dehydration and low blood pressure
- Fournier's Gangrene
- Hypoglycemia, especially with insulin
- Serious UTIs
Contraindications
Avoid Farxiga with a history of serious allergic reactions or in severe kidney impairment, end-stage kidney disease, or dialysis.
Comparing Farxiga with Other SGLT2 Inhibitors
Farxiga is one of several SGLT2 inhibitors. Here's a comparison:
| Feature | Farxiga (dapagliflozin) | Jardiance (empagliflozin) | Brenzavvy (bexagliflozin) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Manufacturer | AstraZeneca | Boehringer Ingelheim/Lilly | TheracosBio |
| FDA Approval | 2014 | 2014 | 2023 |
| Generic Available | Yes (dapagliflozin) | No (brand-name only) | No (brand-name only) |
| Key Indications | T2D, HF, CKD | T2D, HF, CV risk reduction | T2D |
| Pediatric Use (T2D) | Yes (aged 10+) | No (adults only) | No (adults only) |
| Distinguishing Factor | Approved for CKD progression reduction | Associated with risk of limb amputation in certain patients | Newcomer, potentially lower cost |
Important Drug Interactions
Inform your healthcare provider of all medications to avoid interactions.
- Insulin and Sulfonylureas: Increased hypoglycemia risk.
- Diuretics: Increased dehydration and low blood pressure risk.
- Lithium: Reduced lithium effectiveness.
- Alcohol: Increased dehydration and ketoacidosis risk.
Conclusion
Farxiga is the trade name by AstraZeneca for the generic drug dapagliflozin. As an SGLT2 inhibitor, it treats Type 2 diabetes, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease. While effective, it has potential side effects like infections, dehydration, and ketoacidosis. Discuss your medical history and medications with your doctor to determine if Farxiga is safe for you.
Further prescribing information is available on the FDA website.
