Tag: Cellular respiration

According to the European Commission, a systemic toxin is a substance that affects the entire body or many organ systems rather than a specific site. A classic example that vividly illustrates this principle in pharmacology is potassium cyanide, a potent agent that disrupts cellular function throughout the body by preventing oxygen utilization.

Fumarate is a key intermediate in the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle), a fundamental metabolic pathway that generates the majority of the energy for cells in the form of ATP [1.2.1, 1.6.1]. So, what does fumarate do in the body beyond basic energy production?