Tag: Cholinergic

While atropine is a first-line treatment for symptomatic bradycardia, it can paradoxically cause a slowing of the heart rate when administered in certain amounts. This unexpected effect has been well-documented in clinical guidelines and research studies, highlighting the importance of proper administration.

Opioid overdoses are notoriously linked with “pinpoint pupils,” a hallmark sign of severe miosis. But which drug produces miosis, or constricted pupils? The list is more extensive than just opioids, encompassing several classes of medications and substances that act on the nervous system controlling pupil size.

First isolated in the 19th century, physostigmine was historically used in ophthalmology for its effects on the eye. To answer the question, 'Is physostigmine miotic or mydriatic?', one must examine its pharmacological role as an indirect cholinergic agonist that results in pupillary constriction.

In 2022, an estimated 4.2 million Americans were living with glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness [1.2.1]. This article explores a key class of drugs used in its treatment and answers: what is an example of a miotic drug?

Myasthenia gravis, a primary condition treated with neostigmine, affects an estimated 14 to 20 per 100,000 people in the United States [1.6.2]. A key question for this medication is, **does neostigmine cause miosis or mydriasis?** The answer lies in its pharmacological action.

A significant percentage of patients beginning Mestinon therapy experience gastrointestinal side effects, with diarrhea being one of the most common. This article explains the pharmacological reason why **Mestinon causes diarrhea** and offers practical strategies for managing this challenging side effect.

According to a study involving patients from the Dutch-Belgian myasthenia patient registry, blurred vision was identified as one of the most frequently reported side effects of pyridostigmine. This medication is a powerful anticholinesterase inhibitor, and its effects on the nervous system can directly impact visual function. This article explores the pharmacological basis for how **can pyridostigmine cause blurred vision**, outlining its mechanism of action, associated symptoms, and necessary precautions.

First approved by the FDA in 1955, pyridostigmine is a well-established treatment for myasthenia gravis. What is the drug classification for pyridostigmine, and how does this classification explain its effects on muscle strength and nerve communication? The answer lies in its role as a key enzyme inhibitor in the nervous system.

Dry mouth, or xerostomia, affects a significant percentage of adults, ranging from 5.5 to 46%. For individuals with a partially functioning salivary gland, pilocarpine is a medication prescribed to alleviate symptoms. Understanding **what is the mechanism of action of pilocarpine for dry mouth?** provides insight into how this powerful treatment stimulates natural saliva production.

Excessive sweating, also known as diaphoresis, is the most common side effect associated with the oral formulation of pilocarpine, particularly at higher doses. This systemic effect results from the medication's cholinergic properties, impacting muscarinic receptors throughout the body.