Tag: Drug efflux pumps

According to the CDC, approximately 7% of all *Candida* blood samples tested are resistant to fluconazole, with some emerging species showing even higher resistance rates. Numerous factors can contribute to treatment failure, raising the question: **What makes fluconazole not work?**

In some multidrug-resistant bacteria, efflux pumps can increase drug resistance by thousands of times. This mechanism is crucial to understanding **what is drug expulsion** in a cellular context, a process where cells actively remove foreign substances like antibiotics or chemotherapy drugs. This active cellular defense differs significantly from the body's general drug elimination processes carried out by organs like the kidneys and liver.