Tag: Drug excretion

According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), most medications are safe to use during breastfeeding as they pass into milk in very small amounts [1.7.1]. Understanding **which drug is excreted in milk** and in what concentration is key for ensuring infant safety.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), while most medications do pass into breast milk, most do so in such tiny amounts that they have little or no effect on the infant. However, the amount and potential for harm vary significantly depending on the drug, making it vital to understand **which drugs are excreted through breast milk** and the factors influencing this process.

Genetic factors alone can account for 20 to 95 percent of the variability in how patients respond to individual drugs [1.3.5]. This variability highlights the complex interplay of factors that answer the question: **what influences the plasma concentration of a drug?**

It generally takes about 4 to 5 half-lives for a medication to be considered effectively eliminated from the body [1.3.3]. The answer to **how long does it take for a pill to exit your system** depends on the drug's half-life and numerous individual factors.

Within one hour of intravenous administration, approximately 80% of fluorescein is converted into its main metabolite, fluorescein monoglucuronide [1.3.1]. This rapid metabolism is the first step in understanding **how is fluorescein excreted** from the body through two primary pathways.

The vast majority of medications are cleared from the system by two critical organs [1.2.3, 1.3.1]. So, what two organs are most drugs eliminated from? The answer lies in the powerful combination of the liver's metabolic function and the kidneys' excretory power [1.2.1, 1.3.4].

The human body is an intricate system of varying pH levels, from the highly acidic stomach (pH 1.5–3.5) to the slightly alkaline small intestine (pH 7–8). These fluctuations in acidity and alkalinity are critical because the pH of a drug's environment profoundly impacts its solubility, stability, absorption, and overall journey through the body.

Approximately 75% of salicylate at therapeutic doses is metabolized via conjugation with glycine in the liver to form salicyluric acid, the primary metabolite. A comprehensive understanding of what is the method of metabolism of salicylates in our body is crucial for appreciating its dose-dependent pharmacokinetics and potential for toxicity.

The plasma half-life of ivermectin, a key measure of its duration in the body, is approximately 18 hours following oral administration [1.2.3, 1.4.1]. This article explores the details of **how long does ivermectin stay in a human system**.

The vast majority of drug biotransformation, over 70-80%, is handled by a specific family of enzymes known as Cytochrome P450 [1.6.1]. So, **what does it mean when a drug is biotransformed?** It is the process by which the body chemically alters a drug to facilitate its elimination [1.2.3, 1.2.6].