Tag: Multidrug resistance

First introduced in 2000 with linezolid, the oxazolidinone class of antibiotics represented the first new class to gain clinical approval in two decades. Today, oxazolidinones are used for treating serious, multidrug-resistant infections, including those caused by bacteria that have become resistant to other classes of antimicrobials.

Over 48 ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporters have been identified in the human genome, acting as membrane-spanning proteins that move substances across cellular barriers. The most significant pharmacological meaning of **ABC in drugs** refers to this family of transport proteins, which play a crucial role in the absorption, distribution, and elimination of many medications. However, the acronym can refer to entirely different concepts, such as inventory control methods in pharmacy management.

Doxorubicin is a potent chemotherapeutic agent often limited by cardiotoxicity and drug resistance. Research shows a complex and dual interaction, raising the question of how does diltiazem interact with doxorubicin.

Contrary to the assumption that it is a pharmaceutical agent, **PSC 1000** is actually an industrial parts washer solvent used to clean oil, grease, and grime from equipment. The misconception likely stems from confusion with a related chemical, Valspodar, which was known by its code name PSC 833 and explored as an experimental cancer drug.

In some multidrug-resistant bacteria, efflux pumps can increase drug resistance by thousands of times. This mechanism is crucial to understanding **what is drug expulsion** in a cellular context, a process where cells actively remove foreign substances like antibiotics or chemotherapy drugs. This active cellular defense differs significantly from the body's general drug elimination processes carried out by organs like the kidneys and liver.

On December 22, 2022, the FDA approved Sunlenca (lenacapavir), a groundbreaking, long-acting medication for heavily treatment-experienced adults living with multidrug-resistant HIV-1. This first-in-class capsid inhibitor offers a twice-yearly subcutaneous injection, revolutionizing treatment options for those with limited alternatives.