Tag: Polymyxins

In the United States, more than 2.8 million antimicrobial-resistant infections occur each year, leading to over 35,000 deaths [1.7.2, 1.7.3]. This article explains **which antibiotics are last resort** options used to fight these dangerous 'superbugs' when all other treatments have failed.

Historically, concerns over significant nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity led to the reduced use of polymyxin B sulfate. However, the increasing threat of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria has prompted its re-evaluation and reintroduction into clinical practice, with current research indicating a less severe toxicity profile under modern management.

Approximately 1.27 million global deaths in 2019 were directly caused by bacterial antimicrobial resistance, underscoring the critical need for effective treatments like bactericidal agents. These powerful antimicrobial substances kill bacteria directly, rather than just inhibiting their growth. This article explores what are the types of bactericidal agents and their distinct mechanisms for eliminating pathogenic microorganisms.