Tag: Resuscitation

First described as a vital airway management skill, the C and E technique for anesthesia is a fundamental method used to provide manual bag-mask ventilation. This critical skill involves a specific hand position to secure a tight mask seal and maintain an open airway, ensuring adequate oxygenation for a patient during the induction of anesthesia or a medical emergency.

First launched in 2007, the IGEL has since become a standard tool in anesthesia and resuscitation worldwide, reflecting a major advancement in airway management technology. When asking "what is an IGEL considered?" the definitive answer is a second-generation supraglottic airway (SGA) device, known for its unique non-inflatable cuff and ease of insertion.

Developed over years of extensive research, the i-gel is a unique single-use, non-inflatable supraglottic airway management device that has transformed modern airway control. This innovative tool, designed to work in perfect unison with the patient's anatomy, has a distinct set of applications. So, for what purpose is I gel used, and how does it compare to other airway adjuncts?

First introduced in 2007, the I-gel supraglottic airway device is used globally for anesthesia and resuscitation, and its unique non-inflatable design offers specific benefits that improve patient outcomes and procedural efficiency. Made from a soft, medical-grade thermoplastic elastomer, the I-gel creates a precise anatomical seal without the need for cuff inflation.

An average adult body is composed of about 60% water, with intravenous fluid administration being a cornerstone of hospital care for maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance. NS-RL DNS fluid is not a single product but a collective term for a combined therapy involving Normal Saline (NS), Ringer's Lactate (RL), and Dextrose Normal Saline (DNS) solutions, used to address complex hydration, electrolyte, and metabolic needs.

Standard blood bank recommendations specify that lactated Ringer's (LR) solution should be avoided when transfusing blood due to a theoretical risk of clotting. This long-standing guideline stems from the direct chemical incompatibility between the calcium in LR and the citrate anticoagulant used to preserve blood products.

According to the Cleveland Clinic, intravenous fluids are a common medical treatment, with up to 90 percent of hospitalized patients receiving an IV. This guide explains **what are the three types of fluid therapy**—crystalloids, colloids, and blood products—and their distinct medical applications, compositions, and risks.

Originating in the 1800s and commonly performed through the 1960s, an intracardiac injection was once viewed as the most direct method for delivering medication, such as epinephrine, to the heart during cardiac arrest. Today, however, this invasive procedure is largely considered obsolete in emergency medicine due to significant risks and the development of far safer and more effective alternatives.

Although rare, local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) can be a life-threatening complication, with an estimated incidence ranging from 7.5 to 20 per 10,000 peripheral nerve blocks. Knowing how to treat LAST toxicity with a rapid and coordinated response is critical for patient survival, centering on immediate intervention and specific resuscitation protocols.

While some cardiac arrests are treatable with defibrillation, PEA is a non-shockable rhythm, meaning an electrical shock is ineffective and potentially harmful. Therefore, there is no single effective treatment for PEA, but rather a multi-faceted approach focused on high-quality CPR, medication, and identifying the underlying cause.