The Story Behind the Switch: Was Xyzal Actually Discontinued?
A frequent question among allergy sufferers is, "Why was Xyzal discontinued?" This query stems from a common misunderstanding. The brand-name prescription Xyzal was indeed discontinued, but not in the way most people think [1.3.1]. Instead of being pulled from the market, it underwent a significant change in its regulatory status. In February 2017, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Xyzal Allergy 24HR for over-the-counter (OTC) sale [1.9.2]. This move, known as an Rx-to-OTC switch, made the medication available to millions of consumers without needing a doctor's prescription.
The active ingredient in Xyzal is levocetirizine dihydrochloride, a second-generation antihistamine [1.8.4]. The decision to move it OTC was based on its well-established safety and efficacy profile, allowing manufacturer Sanofi to market it directly to consumers for 24-hour relief of symptoms associated with seasonal and year-round allergies [1.4.4, 1.9.3]. Following the switch, the prescription version was phased out, but the exact same full-strength formula became a staple on pharmacy shelves [1.3.1, 1.3.4].
Understanding Levocetirizine: The Power Behind Xyzal
Levocetirizine is the core component of Xyzal [1.5.3]. It works by blocking histamine, a substance the body releases during an allergic reaction that causes symptoms like sneezing, runny nose, and itchy, watery eyes [1.5.2, 1.6.3]. Levocetirizine is an isomer of cetirizine, the active ingredient in Zyrtec [1.4.3]. This means they have a similar chemical structure. Xyzal was developed after Zyrtec and was promoted as having fewer side effects, such as drowsiness, because it isolates the more active part of the cetirizine molecule [1.4.3, 1.5.1]. Clinical data suggests that Xyzal starts working within an hour and its effects last for a full 24 hours [1.3.4, 1.5.5].
Xyzal vs. The Competition: A Comparative Look
Choosing an OTC antihistamine can be overwhelming. Xyzal is often compared to other popular second-generation antihistamines like Zyrtec (cetirizine), Claritin (loratadine), and Allegra (fexofenadine) [1.6.3].
- Potency and Speed: Studies and clinical experience suggest that Xyzal and Zyrtec tend to work faster than Claritin and Allegra, often providing relief within one hour [1.6.1]. Cetirizine is considered one of the most potent antihistamines available [1.6.4].
- Drowsiness: While all second-generation antihistamines are designed to be less sedating than older options like Benadryl, there are still differences. Claritin and Allegra are generally considered non-drowsy [1.6.3]. Xyzal and Zyrtec can cause drowsiness in a small percentage of users, which is why it's often recommended to take them in the evening [1.5.4, 1.6.3]. Some users who experience drowsiness with Zyrtec report less or no drowsiness when switching to Xyzal [1.5.1].
- Effectiveness: The 'best' antihistamine often comes down to individual response. However, some data reviews have found Xyzal to be more effective at improving symptoms compared to Allegra and Claritin [1.6.1]. For treating hives (urticaria), Xyzal and Zyrtec are often considered more effective [1.6.3].
Below is a comparison table summarizing key features:
| Feature | Xyzal (Levocetirizine) | Zyrtec (Cetirizine) | Claritin (Loratadine) | Allegra (Fexofenadine) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active Ingredient | Levocetirizine | Cetirizine | Loratadine | Fexofenadine |
| Onset of Action | ~1 hour [1.5.5] | ~1 hour [1.6.1] | 1-3 hours [1.6.1] | 1-3 hours [1.6.1] |
| Drowsiness | Can cause drowsiness [1.5.4] | Can cause drowsiness [1.6.3] | Less likely to cause drowsiness [1.6.3] | Less likely to cause drowsiness [1.6.2] |
| Dosing Frequency | Once daily [1.5.2] | Once daily [1.5.1] | Once daily [1.6.6] | Once daily [1.5.1] |
| Primary Use | Allergies, Hives [1.5.5] | Allergies, Hives [1.6.3] | Allergies, Hives [1.6.5] | Allergies, Hives [1.6.2] |
Important Safety Information and Side Effects
While Xyzal is widely available, it's still a medication with potential side effects. The most common ones include drowsiness, fatigue, dry mouth, and sore throat [1.7.2, 1.7.4]. Users should be cautious about driving or operating heavy machinery until they know how the medication affects them [1.5.5].
In May 2025, the FDA issued a safety communication warning that stopping cetirizine (Zyrtec) or levocetirizine (Xyzal) after long-term use could lead to a rare but severe side effect known as rebound pruritus (intense itching) [1.2.2, 1.2.4]. This reaction was reported in patients who had used the medication daily for months or years [1.2.3]. As a result, the FDA required new warnings to be added to the drug's labeling [1.2.4]. It is important to talk to a healthcare provider before starting or stopping any long-term medication.
Conclusion: A Change in Access, Not Availability
The belief that Xyzal was discontinued is a misunderstanding of its journey from a prescription drug to an OTC powerhouse. The brand-name prescription product was replaced by the identical, full-strength OTC version, Xyzal Allergy 24HR [1.3.1, 1.3.4]. This switch has made a highly effective allergy treatment more accessible, allowing consumers to manage their symptoms conveniently. While it remains a popular and effective choice, users should be aware of potential side effects, including the rare risk of itching upon discontinuation after long-term use [1.2.4, 1.7.5].
For more information from the manufacturer, you can visit the official Xyzal website. [1.8.1]
