What is Voltaren Arthritis Pain Gel?
Voltaren Arthritis Pain Gel is the primary over-the-counter product containing diclofenac sodium. The OTC version is a 1% strength gel formulated to provide targeted pain relief for arthritis in specific joints, including the hands, wrists, elbows, feet, ankles, and knees. Unlike oral NSAIDs that circulate throughout the body, the gel is applied directly to the skin, allowing the medication to penetrate deep into the tissue and target the source of inflammation.
How does diclofenac sodium work?
Diclofenac sodium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, or NSAID. It works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which are natural chemicals in the body that cause inflammation, pain, and fever. The topical application of the gel allows the diclofenac to accumulate in the synovial fluid of the joint, where it can reduce inflammation more directly. This localized action means that only a small percentage of the medication is absorbed into the bloodstream, which is a major advantage over oral NSAIDs for certain patients.
How to properly use diclofenac sodium topical gel
To ensure both safety and effectiveness, it is crucial to follow the usage instructions for Voltaren Arthritis Pain Gel carefully. The product comes with a special dosing card to help measure the correct amount for different body parts.
- Read the label: Always read the Drug Facts Label on the carton before use.
- Measure the dose: Use the enclosed dosing card to measure the correct amount for the specific area of application as indicated by the product instructions.
- Clean and dry the skin: Apply the gel to clean, dry skin. Do not apply it to broken, peeling, infected, or irritated skin.
- Rub in thoroughly: Gently rub the gel into the affected area until it is fully absorbed.
- Wait after application: Allow at least 10 minutes before covering the treated area with clothing or gloves. Wait at least one hour before showering or bathing.
- Wash hands: Wash your hands thoroughly after each application, unless you are treating your hands.
- Do not exceed limits: Do not apply the gel to more than two body areas at once and do not exceed the recommended total daily application as instructed on the packaging or by a healthcare professional.
- Protect from sunlight: Treated skin may be more sensitive to sunlight. Avoid unnecessary or prolonged exposure to natural or artificial sunlight and wear protective clothing.
Potential side effects of topical diclofenac
While topical diclofenac has a lower risk of systemic side effects than oral NSAIDs, it can still cause adverse reactions, particularly local ones.
Common side effects
- Application site reactions: The most common side effects are skin-related and include dryness, redness, irritation, itching, or rash at the application site.
- Upset stomach: Some individuals may experience mild stomach upset, though this is far less common with topical applications than with oral NSAIDs.
Serious side effects
Although rare with topical use, serious systemic side effects can occur and require immediate medical attention. Voltaren carries a boxed warning from the FDA regarding these risks.
- Cardiovascular events: NSAIDs can increase the risk of serious cardiovascular thrombotic events, including heart attack and stroke. The risk may be higher with long-term use, higher doses, and in individuals with pre-existing heart conditions.
- Gastrointestinal issues: NSAIDs can increase the risk of severe gastrointestinal bleeding, ulcers, and perforation, which can be fatal.
- Allergic reactions: A severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) is possible. Symptoms include swelling of the face, throat, arms, or hands; wheezing; hives; or difficulty breathing.
- Liver and kidney problems: Serious liver injury and a decrease in kidney function have been reported.
Comparison of Topical vs. Oral NSAIDs
| Feature | Topical Diclofenac (e.g., Voltaren Gel) | Oral NSAIDs (e.g., Ibuprofen, Oral Diclofenac) |
|---|---|---|
| Mechanism | Targets pain and inflammation directly at the site of application by absorbing into the underlying tissues and joint fluid. | Acts systemically by absorbing into the bloodstream and affecting the entire body. |
| Systemic Absorption | Minimal systemic exposure; significantly lower than oral versions. | High systemic absorption; circulates throughout the body. |
| Common Side Effects | Primarily local skin reactions (dryness, itching, redness). | Gastrointestinal issues (stomach upset, heartburn, constipation) are more common. |
| Risk of Serious Side Effects | Lower risk of serious systemic side effects, such as cardiovascular events, GI bleeding, and kidney damage. | Higher risk of serious systemic adverse events, especially with long-term or high-dose use. |
| Onset of Relief | Can take up to 7 days of continuous use to feel the full effect for some conditions. | Typically provides pain relief faster, often within 30-60 minutes. |
| Targeted Relief | Highly targeted to specific joints for conditions like arthritis. | General pain relief for various ailments across the body. |
Conclusion
For those suffering from localized arthritis joint pain, the over the counter name for diclofenac sodium is Voltaren Arthritis Pain Gel, which offers a targeted alternative to oral pain relief. Its topical application allows it to deliver prescription-strength relief directly to the source of pain with less systemic absorption, thus lowering the risk of certain serious side effects associated with oral NSAIDs. However, it is not without risks, including local skin reactions and rare, but serious, systemic events. Patients should always follow application instructions, use the provided dosing card, and consult a healthcare provider to determine if Voltaren is the right treatment for their specific condition.
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