Understanding Pelverin 60 mg and its Active Ingredients
Pelverin 60 mg is an antispasmodic medication prescribed to relieve pain from muscle spasms in the gastrointestinal tract, uterus, or urinary system [1.3.1]. Depending on the region and manufacturer, "Pelverin" may contain one of two active ingredients: Drotaverine Hydrochloride or Alverine Citrate [1.3.3, 1.4.4, 1.5.3]. Both are smooth muscle relaxants. Drotaverine is a selective inhibitor of an enzyme called phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4), which leads to the relaxation of smooth muscles [1.5.2, 1.5.3, 1.5.7]. Alverine Citrate also acts directly on the smooth muscle in the gut and uterus, causing it to relax and preventing painful spasms [1.3.3, 1.3.7]. This article will primarily focus on the side effects associated with Drotaverine, as it is a common formulation, but will also address information pertinent to Alverine.
What are the Common Side Effects of Pelverin (Drotaverine)?
Most side effects associated with Drotaverine are considered mild to moderate and may subside as your body adjusts to the medication. It's important to monitor how you feel and communicate any persistent issues to your doctor.
- Gastrointestinal Issues: Nausea and constipation are the most frequently mentioned gastrointestinal side effects [1.4.1, 1.4.5]. Some people may also experience a dry mouth [1.4.4, 1.4.6].
- Nervous System Effects: Headache and dizziness are common and can affect daily activities [1.4.1, 1.4.4]. A feeling of vertigo or spinning has also been reported [1.4.4]. Insomnia, or difficulty sleeping, can occur in some individuals [1.4.5].
- Cardiovascular Effects: A change in pulse rate or palpitations (a feeling of a fast-beating or fluttering heart) can be experienced [1.4.1, 1.4.5].
Serious but Less Common Side Effects
While rare, Pelverin (Drotaverine) can cause more severe side effects that require prompt medical attention. Understanding these risks is crucial for patient safety.
- Hypotension: A significant drop in blood pressure is a potential serious side effect [1.4.1, 1.4.3]. This can lead to feelings of lightheadedness or fainting [1.4.4, 1.4.7].
- Allergic Reactions: Though uncommon, allergic skin reactions can occur, presenting as a rash or itching [1.4.1, 1.3.3]. In severe cases, angioedema (swelling of the face, lips, eyelids, and tongue) can happen, which constitutes a medical emergency [1.4.4, 1.4.6].
- Cardiac and Respiratory Issues: In cases of overdose, severe cardiac events like arrhythmia (irregular heartbeat), atrioventricular (AV) block, and even cardiac arrest have been noted [1.4.3]. Difficulty breathing is another serious symptom that requires immediate medical help [1.4.4].
Comparison Table: Drotaverine vs. Mebeverine
Both Drotaverine and Mebeverine are used to treat symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), but they have different profiles. Studies suggest Drotaverine may be superior in alleviating pain severity and frequency [1.7.1, 1.7.2, 1.7.3].
| Feature | Pelverin (Drotaverine) | Mebeverine |
|---|---|---|
| Mechanism of Action | Selective PDE4 inhibitor, leading to smooth muscle relaxation [1.5.2, 1.5.7]. | Acts directly on smooth muscles in the colon, relieving spasms. |
| Primary Use | Spasms of the GI tract, biliary system, and in gynecology (dysmenorrhea) [1.5.2, 1.5.5]. | Primarily for abdominal pain and cramps associated with IBS. |
| Common Side Effects | Nausea, dizziness, headache, constipation, palpitations [1.4.1, 1.4.5]. | Heartburn and nausea have been reported [1.7.5]. |
| Efficacy in IBS | Studies show significant superiority over Mebeverine in pain and symptom relief [1.7.1]. | Considered less effective than Drotaverine in some comparative studies [1.7.2]. |
Who Should Avoid Taking Pelverin 60 mg? (Contraindications)
This medication is not suitable for everyone. Patients with certain pre-existing conditions should avoid Pelverin.
- Severe Organ Dysfunction: Individuals with severe heart failure, liver problems, or kidney disease should not take Drotaverine [1.6.3, 1.6.6].
- Allergies: Known hypersensitivity or allergy to Drotaverine, Alverine, or any other ingredients in the medication is a clear contraindication [1.6.2, 1.6.6].
- Intestinal Blockage: It should be avoided in patients with intestinal obstruction or paralytic ileus [1.3.1, 1.3.3].
- Children: The use of this medication is generally not recommended for children under 12 years of age [1.3.1, 1.6.2].
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: The safety of Pelverin during pregnancy and lactation is not well-established, and it is generally not recommended unless deemed essential by a doctor [1.3.1, 1.6.2].
Potential Drug Interactions
Combining Pelverin with other medications can alter its effects or increase the risk of adverse reactions. It's vital to inform your doctor of all medications you are taking.
- Levodopa: When used with Drotaverine, the anti-Parkinsonian effects of Levodopa can be reduced, potentially leading to increased rigidity and shakiness [1.6.2].
- Other CNS Depressants: Caution should be used when taking Pelverin with other painkillers, sedatives, or medicines for mental health problems, as side effects like dizziness may be worsened [1.6.2, 1.6.4].
- Anticholinergics: Combining with drugs like atropine may increase effects [1.6.5].
Conclusion
Pelverin 60 mg, containing either Drotaverine or Alverine Citrate, is an effective antispasmodic for relieving painful smooth muscle cramps. While generally well-tolerated, it carries a risk of side effects ranging from common and mild issues like nausea and dizziness to rare but serious events like severe hypotension and allergic reactions. Understanding the contraindications and potential drug interactions is essential for its safe use. Always consult with a healthcare professional to determine if this medication is appropriate for your condition and to discuss any side effects you may experience.
Learn more about Drotaverine from the National Library of Medicine
