Canesten is a well-known brand of antifungal medications, but the term “Canesten tablet” can be confusing as it refers to different products with varied uses. Specifically, there is an oral capsule that is swallowed and a vaginal tablet or pessary that is inserted locally. The appropriate product depends on the type and location of the fungal infection.
The dual purpose of Canesten tablets: Oral vs. Vaginal
The most important distinction to understand is that Canesten tablets contain different active ingredients depending on their intended use. The Canesten Oral Capsule is for systemic infections, whereas the Canesten Vaginal Tablet is for localized infections.
- Canesten Oral Capsule: The active substance in this swallowed tablet is fluconazole. As a systemic antifungal, it is absorbed into the bloodstream to treat the infection from within. This single-dose treatment is suitable for both women and men.
- Canesten Vaginal Tablet (Pessary): This tablet, with the active ingredient clotrimazole, is designed for local treatment and is inserted directly into the vagina. It works primarily on the vaginal wall and surrounding area, with minimal systemic effects. It is available in various strengths and treatment courses, such as 1-day or 6-day applications.
How Canesten tablets work
Both fluconazole and clotrimazole are effective antifungal agents that work by targeting the fungus's cell membrane.
- Fluconazole (Oral Capsule): Fluconazole belongs to a class of antifungals called azoles. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, a vital component of the fungal cell membrane. By damaging the cell membrane, it prevents the fungus from growing and multiplying, ultimately killing it.
- Clotrimazole (Vaginal Tablet): Clotrimazole is also an azole antifungal. Its fungicidal action involves binding to the fungal cytoplasmic membrane, altering its permeability and causing cellular contents to leak out. This destruction of the cell membrane effectively kills the fungus, providing relief from symptoms.
How to use Canesten oral and vaginal tablets
Using the Oral Capsule
- Swallow the single capsule whole with a glass of water.
- It can be taken with or without food.
- For vaginal thrush, symptoms should start to improve within two days.
- If symptoms do not improve after seven days, consult a doctor.
Using the Vaginal Tablet (Pessary)
- Wash your hands thoroughly before and after use.
- Insert the tablet as high as possible into the vagina, preferably at bedtime. An applicator is often provided for ease of use.
- Lying down with your knees slightly bent can facilitate insertion.
- Some leakage is normal, and using a panty liner can protect clothing.
- Avoid vaginal intercourse, tampons, douches, and spermicides during treatment.
Side effects and precautions
While generally safe, both types of Canesten tablets can cause side effects and have specific precautions. It is always wise to consult a healthcare professional before use.
Oral Capsule (Fluconazole) precautions
- Pregnancy: The oral capsule should not be used during pregnancy, as the fluconazole it contains can increase risks. Vaginal treatments with clotrimazole are considered safer during pregnancy, but a doctor should still be consulted.
- Interactions: Fluconazole can interact with other medicines, including certain anticoagulants, statins, and antidepressants. Always inform your doctor or pharmacist about any other medications you are taking.
- Allergies: Do not use if you are allergic to fluconazole or other azole antifungals.
Vaginal Tablet (Clotrimazole) precautions
- Allergies: Avoid if you are allergic to clotrimazole.
- Damages latex: Clotrimazole can damage latex, making condoms and diaphragms less effective for contraception. Alternative measures should be used for at least five days after treatment.
- Pregnancy: While safer for use after the first trimester, it should only be used after consulting a doctor or midwife. Insertion should be done without an applicator during pregnancy.
Comparison: Canesten Oral vs. Vaginal Tablet vs. Cream
| Feature | Canesten Oral Tablet (Fluconazole) | Canesten Vaginal Tablet (Clotrimazole) | Canesten External Cream (Clotrimazole) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mode of Action | Systemic (absorbed through gut) | Localized (inserted in vagina) | Localized (applied to skin) |
| Primary Use | Vaginal, oral, and penile thrush | Vaginal thrush (vulvovaginal candidiasis) | External vulval itching and penile thrush |
| Dosage | Single-dose capsule | Single or multi-day pessary | Applied once or twice daily |
| For Men? | Yes, effective for penile thrush. | No, for vaginal use only. | Yes, for external penile thrush. |
| Use in Pregnancy? | Not advised; fluconazole carries risks. | Can be used after consulting a doctor; manual insertion advised. | Can be used externally after consulting a doctor. |
| Onset of Relief | 1–2 days | Less than 1 day | Immediate soothing for external symptoms |
Conclusion
Canesten tablets are effective antifungal treatments for a variety of yeast infections, but it is critical to distinguish between the oral (fluconazole) and vaginal (clotrimazole) versions based on your specific condition. The oral capsule offers a convenient single-dose option for infections like vaginal and penile thrush, and oral thrush. The vaginal tablet provides targeted, localized relief for vaginal thrush. For comprehensive relief, especially with external symptoms, some women may benefit from a dual pack containing a vaginal tablet and an external cream. Always read the patient information leaflet carefully and consult a healthcare professional, especially if this is your first infection, symptoms persist, or if you are pregnant, to ensure the correct and safest treatment approach. For further information on clotrimazole, you can consult resources like the NCBI Bookshelf.
