What is Fusidic Acid Cream?
Fusidic acid cream, often mistaken as "fusel cream," is a prescription-strength topical antibiotic used to combat bacterial skin infections. It is derived from the fungus Fusidium coccineum and works by interfering with bacterial protein synthesis, effectively stopping the bacteria from multiplying. The cream is effective against specific Gram-positive bacteria, most notably Staphylococcus aureus. Unlike other treatments, it targets the infection at its source on the skin's surface.
Formulations of Fusidic Acid Cream
Fusidic acid is available in several forms, which your doctor will prescribe based on the specific infection and location:
- Fusidic Acid Cream: The standard formulation for treating bacterial skin infections. It has a high penetration rate and is suitable for most skin types.
- Fusidic Acid Ointment: Contains sodium fusidate, a salt of fusidic acid, and is generally used for drier, less weeping skin conditions.
- Combination Creams (e.g., Fucidin H, Fucibet): These products combine fusidic acid with a corticosteroid like hydrocortisone or betamethasone. The steroid helps reduce associated inflammation, swelling, and redness, making these ideal for infected eczema and dermatitis.
Primary Uses of Fusidic Acid Cream
This potent cream is indicated for a range of common bacterial skin infections. A doctor's diagnosis is essential to ensure it's the correct treatment, as it is ineffective against viral or fungal infections.
Impetigo
Impetigo is a highly contagious bacterial skin infection that causes red sores or blisters, often on the face and hands. Fusidic acid is a common and effective treatment for this condition, helping to clear the infection and prevent its spread.
Infected Eczema and Dermatitis
Eczema, a condition causing red, itchy, and inflamed skin, can become secondarily infected with bacteria. When this happens, a combination cream containing both fusidic acid and a steroid is often prescribed to treat both the infection and the underlying inflammation.
Folliculitis, Boils, and Abscesses
These are infections of the hair follicles or oil glands caused by bacteria, usually Staphylococcus aureus. Fusidic acid cream is a suitable treatment for these localized skin infections.
Other Minor Skin Infections
Fusidic acid can also be used for infected cuts, grazes, burns, and other superficial wounds. Its broad-spectrum efficacy against many Gram-positive bacteria makes it a versatile topical agent.
How Fusidic Acid Cream Works: A Pharmacological Perspective
At its core, fusidic acid is a bacteriostatic antibiotic, meaning it prevents bacteria from multiplying, which allows the body's immune system to clear the existing infection.
Inhibiting Protein Synthesis
The cream works by interfering with the bacteria's ability to synthesize essential proteins needed for their growth and survival. Specifically, fusidic acid prevents a protein called "elongation factor G (EF-G)" from detaching from the bacteria's ribosome after it has helped with protein production. This effectively halts the process of building new bacterial proteins and stops the infection in its tracks.
Unique Mechanism and Resistance Concerns
One of the unique features of fusidic acid is that it has no cross-resistance with many other common antibiotics. This makes it a valuable tool, especially in regions with high rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, resistance can still develop, particularly with overuse or under-treatment. For this reason, it is crucial to use the cream for the full prescribed duration, typically 7 to 10 days, and not to use it for non-bacterial conditions.
Proper Application
Adhering to the correct application method is vital for the cream's effectiveness and to minimize side effects. Always wash your hands before and after applying the cream to prevent spreading the infection.
Instructions for use:
- Clean and dry the affected area thoroughly before application.
- Apply a thin layer of the cream to the infected skin. Rub it in gently.
- Use as directed by your healthcare provider. If you are covering the area with a dressing, consult your doctor about the appropriate frequency.
- Avoid prolonged use, and do not exceed the treatment time advised by your doctor. Treatment duration is typically limited to 7-10 days.
- Wash hands thoroughly after use, unless the treated area is on your hands.
Potential Side Effects and Precautions
While generally well-tolerated, some individuals may experience side effects. It's important to be aware of these and contact your doctor if they persist or worsen.
Common Side Effects
- Irritation at the application site, including stinging, burning, or redness.
- Itching or a mild rash.
- Contact dermatitis.
Precautions
- Allergies: Do not use if you are allergic to fusidic acid or any other ingredients in the cream.
- Eye Contact: Avoid applying the cream near or in the eyes. If accidental contact occurs, rinse immediately with water.
- Occlusive Dressings: Do not cover the treated area with airtight dressings unless specifically directed by a doctor, as this can increase side effects.
- Prolonged Use: Long-term or overuse can increase the risk of side effects like skin thinning, striae (stretch marks), and dilation of superficial blood vessels.
Comparison of Fusidic Acid vs. Mupirocin
Both fusidic acid and mupirocin are topical antibiotics used for similar skin infections, but they have some key differences in application and resistance profiles.
| Feature | Fusidic Acid Cream | Mupirocin Cream/Ointment |
|---|---|---|
| Mechanism | Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by targeting elongation factor G. | Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by targeting isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. |
| Effectiveness | Highly effective against staphylococci, including many MRSA strains. | Highly effective against staphylococci (including MRSA) and streptococci. |
| Resistance Profile | Resistance can develop, especially with overuse of topical formulations. | Historically lower rates of resistance compared to fusidic acid, though resistance is possible. |
| Application | Use as directed by healthcare provider. | Typically applied 2-3 times daily. |
| Common Use | Impetigo, folliculitis, infected eczema, and other skin infections. | Impetigo, infected wounds, and MRSA decolonization. |
Conclusion
Fusidic acid cream is a valuable topical antibiotic for treating common bacterial skin infections caused by susceptible bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus. For anyone asking, "What is the use of fusel cream?", the answer lies in its ability to effectively combat conditions like impetigo, infected eczema, and boils by disrupting bacterial protein synthesis. It is available by prescription, sometimes combined with a corticosteroid to reduce inflammation. Proper application and adherence to the prescribed duration are crucial for successful treatment and to minimize the risk of developing antibiotic resistance. Always consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan to ensure safe and effective use.
For more detailed information on skin conditions and treatments, the National Health Service (NHS) website provides a reliable resource: NHS - Fusidic acid.
