Long-haul flights can be taxing on the body and mind. From the discomfort of sitting for hours to the anxiety of flying, various issues can arise. Fortunately, several medications can help make the journey more comfortable. However, it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional before taking any new medication, especially since high altitudes can alter a drug's effects [1.3.1].
Important Disclaimer
This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider to discuss your specific health needs and determine if any medication is safe and appropriate for you before traveling. Do not mix medications with alcohol [1.4.5].
Medications for Motion Sickness
Motion sickness occurs when your brain receives conflicting signals from your inner ears, eyes, and body. Antihistamines are commonly used to prevent symptoms like nausea, dizziness, and vomiting [1.2.6].
- Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine): This is a popular over-the-counter (OTC) option effective for many travelers [1.2.4]. It should be taken 30 to 60 minutes before the flight [1.2.4]. The main side effect is drowsiness, which can be beneficial for those wanting to sleep [1.6.2].
- Meclizine (Bonine, Dramamine Less Drowsy): Meclizine is another OTC antihistamine known for causing less drowsiness than original Dramamine [1.6.2, 1.6.3]. Its effects can last up to 24 hours, making it a convenient once-a-day option. It should be taken about an hour before travel [1.6.3].
- Scopolamine (Transderm Scop): Available as a prescription patch, scopolamine is a first-choice medication for preventing motion sickness and is less likely to cause sleepiness [1.2.4, 1.2.5]. The patch is applied behind the ear at least four hours before it's needed and can last for up to three days [1.6.2].
Managing In-Flight Anxiety and Sleep
Fear of flying is a specific phobia affecting many people [1.4.1]. Both OTC and prescription options can help manage anxiety and promote sleep.
Over-the-Counter Options
- Diphenhydramine (Benadryl): While primarily an allergy medication, its sedative properties are sometimes used off-label for mild, situational anxiety or to aid sleep [1.7.2, 1.7.4]. However, it is not FDA-approved for anxiety, and its effectiveness can be limited [1.7.3, 1.7.5].
- Melatonin: This hormone supplement helps regulate sleep-wake cycles and is effective for preventing or reducing jet lag, especially on eastward flights [1.5.1, 1.5.3]. A dose of 0.5 to 5 mg taken close to the target bedtime at your destination can help reset your body clock [1.5.4].
Prescription Medications
- Benzodiazepines (e.g., Xanax, Ativan): These are fast-acting prescription drugs commonly used for flight anxiety [1.4.1]. They work by slowing down the central nervous system to promote relaxation [1.2.1]. Due to risks of dependence and impaired judgment, they are prescribed for short-term use and should never be mixed with alcohol [1.3.1, 1.4.1].
- Z-drugs (e.g., Ambien): These prescription hypnotics are used to induce sleep. However, they carry risks, including an increased chance of sleepwalking, which makes them a less ideal choice for use on a plane [1.3.2].
Preventing Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
Sitting for long periods increases the risk of DVT, a condition where blood clots form in deep veins, usually in the legs. For most people, prevention involves in-flight exercises, staying hydrated, and walking around the cabin [1.8.2].
For individuals at high risk (e.g., those with a history of clots or certain medical conditions), a doctor might prescribe medication [1.8.4]:
- Anticoagulants (Blood Thinners): Medications like low molecular weight heparin (administered by injection) may be considered for high-risk travelers to prevent clots [1.8.3, 1.8.4]. Aspirin is generally not recommended for DVT prevention during travel unless prescribed by your doctor for other reasons [1.8.1].
Comparison of Common Flight Medications
| Medication | Primary Use | Type | Key Considerations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) | Motion Sickness | OTC | Fast-acting, but often causes drowsiness [1.2.4, 1.6.2]. Take every 4-6 hours [1.6.3]. |
| Meclizine (Bonine) | Motion Sickness | OTC | Less drowsy formula [1.6.2]. Take once daily [1.6.3]. |
| Scopolamine | Motion Sickness | Prescription | Long-lasting (up to 3 days) patch with less sedation [1.2.4]. |
| Melatonin | Jet Lag / Sleep | OTC Supplement | Helps reset circadian rhythm [1.5.1]. Best for eastward travel [1.5.2]. |
| Benzodiazepines (Xanax, Ativan) | Anxiety | Prescription | Fast-acting and effective for severe anxiety, but has risks of dependence and side effects [1.4.1]. |
Non-Medication Alternatives
For those who prefer to avoid medication, several natural strategies can help.
- For Motion Sickness: Ginger (capsules or candy) and acupressure wristbands are popular remedies [1.9.3, 1.9.4]. Choosing a window seat to look at the horizon can also help [1.9.2].
- For Anxiety: Deep breathing exercises, listening to calming music, and using distraction techniques like the "5-4-3-2-1" grounding method can be very effective [1.9.1, 1.9.5].
- For DVT Prevention: Wear compression socks, perform calf exercises in your seat, and get up to walk around at least once an hour [1.8.2].
Conclusion
Deciding what medicine to take before a long flight is a personal choice that depends on your specific symptoms and health history. Over-the-counter options for motion sickness and jet lag are widely available, while prescription medications offer stronger relief for severe anxiety. Regardless of the choice, the most critical step is to have a conversation with your doctor. They can provide personalized recommendations, ensure you are aware of potential side effects and interactions, and help you create a plan for a safe, healthy, and comfortable journey.
For more information on travel health, you can visit the CDC's page on Healthy Travel.
