What is the U-135 pill?
The imprint 'U 135' on a white, round, biconvex pill identifies it as Clonidine Hydrochloride 0.1 mg, manufactured by Unichem Pharmaceuticals. This medication is available by prescription only and is classified as a centrally acting alpha-agonist. It is not a controlled substance. The 0.1 mg tablet is typically white and round, measuring approximately 8mm in size, with a score line on one side.
Identification markers for U-135
- Imprint: 'U 135' or 'U' and '135' separated by a score line.
- Color: White.
- Shape: Round or rounded oval.
- Strength: 0.1 mg.
- Manufacturer: Unichem Pharmaceuticals.
Primary uses of Clonidine Hydrochloride
Clonidine is a versatile medication with several therapeutic applications due to its action on alpha-adrenergic receptors in the brain stem. This results in reduced sympathetic outflow from the central nervous system, leading to its primary effects.
Commonly prescribed uses include:
- Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): Clonidine works by relaxing blood vessels and slowing the heart rate, thereby decreasing blood pressure.
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): An extended-release version (Kapvay) is specifically approved for ADHD in children aged 6 and older. The immediate-release tablet is sometimes used off-label.
- Pain Management: Can be used to manage certain types of pain.
- Withdrawal Symptoms: It is sometimes used to alleviate withdrawal symptoms from opioids, alcohol, or benzodiazepines.
Dosage and administration
It is critical to take clonidine exactly as prescribed by a healthcare provider. Dosage may be adjusted gradually over time based on the patient's response and the condition being treated.
Key administration instructions:
- Take with or without food.
- Take doses at the same time each day for consistency.
- Never stop taking this medication abruptly, as it can cause rebound hypertension and withdrawal symptoms. Your doctor will provide a tapering schedule for discontinuation.
- For extended-release formulations, the tablets must be swallowed whole and not crushed, chewed, or broken.
Potential side effects and precautions
Like all medications, clonidine can cause side effects. Many are mild and tend to decrease with continued use. However, some can be more serious.
Common side effects
- Dry mouth
- Drowsiness or tiredness
- Dizziness
- Constipation
- Fatigue
- Headache
Serious side effects
- Hypotension/Bradycardia: Significantly low blood pressure or slow heart rate.
- Rebound Hypertension: A sudden and dangerous spike in blood pressure if the medication is stopped abruptly.
- Allergic Reactions: Symptoms include rash, hives, or swelling of the face, throat, or tongue.
- Cardiac Conduction Abnormalities: Irregular heartbeat or fainting.
Precautions
- Alcohol: Avoid drinking alcohol, as it can increase the sedative effects of clonidine.
- Alertness: Do not operate heavy machinery or drive until you understand how the medication affects you.
- Standing up: Rise slowly from a sitting or lying position to prevent dizziness or fainting.
- Heat and Dehydration: Be careful in hot weather or during intense exercise, as this can increase the risk of dizziness and fainting.
Key drug interactions
Clonidine can interact with other medications, potentially altering its effectiveness or increasing the risk of adverse effects. It is important to inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.
Significant drug interactions include:
- CNS Depressants: Taking clonidine with alcohol, barbiturates, or other sedating drugs can enhance drowsiness.
- Tricyclic Antidepressants: These can reduce clonidine's blood-pressure-lowering effect.
- Beta-blockers: Concurrent use can increase the risk of bradycardia (slow heart rate) and can worsen rebound hypertension if the medications are stopped improperly.
- Calcium Channel Blockers: Can increase the risk of bradycardia when used with clonidine.
Clonidine formulations: A comparison
While the U-135 pill is an immediate-release tablet, clonidine is also available in other formulations for different uses. It's important to understand the differences, as they are not interchangeable.
| Feature | U-135 (Clonidine HCl 0.1 mg) | Kapvay (Extended-Release Tablets) | Transdermal Patch (Catapres-TTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Formulation Type | Immediate-Release (IR) Oral Tablet | Extended-Release (ER) Oral Tablet | Transdermal Patch |
| Typical Use | Hypertension, pain, off-label uses | ADHD (monotherapy or adjunctive) | Hypertension |
| Dosing Frequency | As prescribed by a healthcare provider | Typically once daily at bedtime | Replaced once every 7 days |
| Administration | Swallow whole or may be split (but avoid crushing) | Must be swallowed whole; do not crush or chew | Applied to clean, dry, hairless skin |
| Swallowing Issues | No issue if tablet can be swallowed whole | Crushing/chewing increases release rate; potentially dangerous | Avoids swallowing issues entirely |
What to do in case of missed dose or overdose
If you miss a dose of clonidine, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is close to your next scheduled dose. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and return to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take two doses at once to make up for a missed dose.
Overdosing on clonidine can cause severe symptoms, including fainting, extreme drowsiness, slow heart rate, and respiratory depression. In the case of a suspected overdose, seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center. Symptoms typically appear within 30 minutes to two hours.
Conclusion
The pill with the imprint U-135 is Clonidine Hydrochloride 0.1 mg, an important prescription medication used to treat conditions like high blood pressure and ADHD. It is crucial to use it only under a healthcare provider's supervision and never to stop taking it abruptly due to the risk of dangerous withdrawal effects. Understanding the specific formulation, potential side effects, and drug interactions, as outlined on the official U.S. National Library of Medicine website, is essential for safe use. Always follow your doctor’s guidance and adhere strictly to the prescribed administration to ensure the medication's effectiveness and your safety.
Disclaimer: This information is for general knowledge and should not be taken as medical advice. Consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new medication or supplement regimen.
