Understanding the Origins: From Soybeans to Earthworms
Before diving into a direct comparison, it's essential to understand where these two unique enzymes come from. Both are natural compounds, but their sources could not be more different.
The Origin of Nattokinase
Nattokinase is an enzyme derived from natto, a traditional Japanese food made from fermented soybeans. The fermentation process, which involves the bacterium Bacillus subtilis natto, produces the specific enzyme that gives natto its well-known fibrinolytic properties. For centuries, natto has been recognized in Japan for its health benefits, particularly concerning cardiovascular health. The enzyme is then extracted and purified for use in dietary supplements. Due to its soy origin, individuals with soy allergies should avoid nattokinase.
The Origin of Lumbrokinase
Lumbrokinase, by contrast, is a complex of enzymes extracted from the earthworm species Lumbricus rubellus. This practice has a long history in traditional Chinese medicine, where it has been used to treat various circulatory conditions. The extraction process yields a group of highly stable fibrinolytic enzymes that are processed and encapsulated into supplements. This means that individuals with a soy sensitivity can use lumbrokinase as an alternative to nattokinase.
The Mechanisms of Action: How They Work
Both enzymes are known for their fibrinolytic activity, which is the ability to break down fibrin, a protein that forms the mesh-like structure of blood clots. However, the way they approach this task and their additional effects vary significantly.
How Nattokinase Works
Nattokinase works by directly degrading fibrin, effectively breaking down existing blood clots. Its action is not limited to this. Research indicates that nattokinase also supports the body's natural fibrinolytic system by increasing the production of plasmin, another enzyme that dissolves clots. Additionally, nattokinase inhibits the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which helps to relax blood vessels, promote better blood flow, and support healthy blood pressure. This broad spectrum of effects makes it beneficial for overall cardiovascular wellness.
How Lumbrokinase Works
Lumbrokinase also directly degrades fibrin but is considered more specific and potent in its clot-dissolving action. Its activity is often described as more targeted toward existing clots, leaving normal, healthy clotting mechanisms largely undisturbed. This specificity may make it a preferable option for individuals with acute clotting concerns, such as a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or stroke. Some studies also note that lumbrokinase may be faster-acting and have a more prolonged effect on maintaining healthy blood circulation than nattokinase.
Which is Stronger, Nattokinase or Lumbrokinase? A Direct Comparison
The central question of which is stronger, nattokinase or lumbrokinase, has a nuanced answer. While lumbrokinase is often cited as having higher fibrinolytic activity on a milligram-to-milligram basis, this does not necessarily mean it's the right choice for every situation.
| Feature | Nattokinase | Lumbrokinase |
|---|---|---|
| Source | Fermented soybeans (Bacillus subtilis natto) | Earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus) |
| Potency | Generally considered less potent per milligram than lumbrokinase | Often cited as more potent per milligram |
| Primary Action | Direct fibrin degradation, supports natural fibrinolytic system, inhibits ACE | Targeted and more specific fibrin degradation |
| Best For | Long-term cardiovascular maintenance, blood pressure support, and general circulation | Acute clot management or history of thrombosis |
| Bleeding Risk | Milder, but still present | Higher potential risk due to potency; use with caution |
| Allergy Concern | Soy allergy | None (earthworm-based), suitable for soy-sensitive individuals |
| Absorption/Duration | Stable and effective orally; effect may be shorter-lived | Faster absorption and potentially prolonged action |
Risks, Side Effects, and Safety Considerations
Both nattokinase and lumbrokinase are powerful enzymes that affect blood coagulation and must be taken with caution, especially by individuals on blood-thinning medications. The primary risk associated with both is an increased risk of bleeding.
Risks Associated with Nattokinase
Nattokinase's activity can enhance the effect of blood-thinning medications, including warfarin, heparin, and antiplatelet drugs. While its effect is generally considered milder than lumbrokinase, careful monitoring is still required. Some individuals may experience gastrointestinal upset. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting supplementation, particularly if you have a bleeding disorder or are scheduled for surgery.
Risks Associated with Lumbrokinase
Given its higher potency, the risk of bleeding is more significant with lumbrokinase, especially for those on anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy. Its targeted action on existing clots preserves some normal clotting, but misuse can lead to excessive fibrinolytic activity. Individuals considering lumbrokinase, particularly for existing conditions, should be under the guidance of a medical professional. The potential for gastrointestinal disturbances also exists with lumbrokinase.
Choosing Between Nattokinase and Lumbrokinase
For those seeking long-term, preventative cardiovascular maintenance, nattokinase might be the better choice. Its ability to support blood pressure and provide more general circulatory benefits makes it a good option for overall wellness. It is also suitable for those who prefer a less potent, gentler approach. However, if you have a soy allergy, this is not an option.
For individuals with a history of acute clotting events, such as a prior stroke or DVT, or who need more potent and targeted support for breaking down existing fibrin, lumbrokinase may be the more appropriate option. Its faster action and prolonged effect are beneficial in specific scenarios. However, this increased potency demands stricter medical supervision, especially for those with existing health conditions or on other medications.
Conclusion: Making an Informed Choice
Deciding which is stronger, nattokinase or lumbrokinase, is not a simple matter of selecting the most potent enzyme. While lumbrokinase generally demonstrates higher fibrinolytic activity per milligram and a more targeted action on existing clots, nattokinase provides broader cardiovascular support, including blood pressure regulation. The best choice ultimately depends on your individual health needs, history, and medical context.
It is crucial to consult a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen, especially when dealing with powerful enzymes that affect blood clotting. They can help you weigh the benefits and risks and determine the most suitable option for your specific situation. This ensures you make a safe and informed decision for your cardiovascular health. A great resource for looking up clinical trials on either supplement can be found at ClinicalTrials.gov.
