What is Teva 22-10 (Sucralfate)?
TEVA 22-10 is the imprint found on a white, capsule-shaped, 1-gram tablet, manufactured by Teva Pharmaceuticals. The active ingredient is sucralfate, which is a cytoprotective agent rather than an antacid. Instead of neutralizing stomach acid, it works locally to coat and protect the lining of the stomach and duodenum. This medication is available only with a prescription.
The Mechanism of Action
When swallowed, sucralfate reacts with the stomach's acid to form a thick, paste-like substance. This polymer then adheres selectively to the site of an ulcer or other damaged tissue. By binding to proteins and other exudates at the ulcer's base, it creates a physical barrier that shields the sore from further injury caused by stomach acid, pepsin, and bile salts.
This protective layer allows the damaged tissue to heal. Sucralfate also helps to increase the production of protective substances like prostaglandins and bicarbonate, which further aid in mucosal repair. Because it is minimally absorbed by the body, most of its action is concentrated directly where it is needed.
Primary and Off-Label Uses
The main purpose for which Teva 22-10 is prescribed is the short-term treatment of active duodenal ulcers. It is also indicated for maintenance therapy to prevent the recurrence of duodenal ulcers after healing. The duration of treatment is typically prescribed by a healthcare professional.
Additionally, healthcare providers may use sucralfate for several off-label purposes:
- Stomach (Gastric) Ulcers: Provides relief and protection for ulcers located in the stomach lining.
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): While not its primary use, the protective coating can help manage symptoms of GERD, especially during pregnancy when other options may be limited.
- Stomatitis: Sucralfate suspensions are sometimes used to treat mouth sores.
- Radiation Proctitis: Enemas containing sucralfate have shown effectiveness in treating this condition, which involves inflammation of the rectum caused by radiation therapy.
- Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis: In critically ill patients who are on ventilators, sucralfate is used to prevent stress ulcers.
- Hyperphosphatemia: In patients with renal failure, the aluminum component of sucralfate can bind to phosphate in the gut, helping to lower phosphate levels in the blood.
Important Considerations for Teva 22-10 (Sucralfate)
- Timing is key: To be effective, sucralfate is typically taken on an empty stomach, usually before meals and at bedtime. Taking it with food or too close to antacids can reduce its ability to form a protective barrier. Specific timing instructions should be followed as directed by a healthcare professional.
- Drug Interactions: Sucralfate can interfere with the absorption of other medications, such as certain antibiotics (e.g., fluoroquinolones), digoxin, and warfarin. It is crucial to space the administration of sucralfate and other drugs to avoid interactions. A healthcare provider can advise on the appropriate timing.
- Constipation: This is the most common side effect reported, occurring in about 2% of patients. Drinking plenty of fluids and increasing dietary fiber can help manage this.
- Kidney Function: Because sucralfate contains an aluminum salt, there is a risk of aluminum accumulation in patients with severe chronic renal failure. Regular monitoring of aluminum levels may be necessary for these individuals.
Sucralfate vs. Other GI Medications
While sucralfate works as a mucosal protectant, other gastrointestinal medications function differently. Here is a comparison:
| Feature | Teva 22-10 (Sucralfate) | Antacids | Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) | H2 Blockers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mechanism | Coats and protects ulcers from acid. | Directly neutralizes stomach acid. | Reduces acid production at the source. | Decreases acid production by blocking histamine receptors. |
| Best Used For | Healing duodenal and stomach ulcers. | Immediate relief of heartburn and indigestion. | Severe GERD, erosive esophagitis, ulcers. | Mild to moderate GERD and ulcers. |
| Timing | Typically on an empty stomach, before meals. | As needed for symptoms. | Usually before a meal, often in the morning. | Can be before a meal or at bedtime. |
| Side Effects | Constipation, dry mouth, nausea. | Diarrhea or constipation. | Headache, diarrhea, nausea. | Headache, dizziness, diarrhea. |
| Systemic Absorption | Minimal absorption. | Minimal absorption. | Systemic absorption occurs. | Systemic absorption occurs. |
Conclusion
Teva 22-10 is the pharmaceutical company's imprint for a 1-gram sucralfate tablet, a prescription medication used to treat and prevent various gastrointestinal issues, most notably duodenal ulcers. Its primary mechanism involves creating a protective barrier over ulcerated tissue, allowing it to heal effectively. This localized action means it has a relatively low risk of systemic side effects, although common issues like constipation can occur. Proper timing is essential for its efficacy, and its use should be discussed with a healthcare provider to avoid drug interactions and ensure it is the correct treatment for your condition.
For more in-depth medical information on sucralfate, you can consult the official package insert on the DailyMed website.
