What is Getz Tablet's active ingredient and its function?
The active ingredient in Getz Tablet is gatifloxacin, a fourth-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Fluoroquinolones are a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics that work by inhibiting key bacterial enzymes, DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. These enzymes are essential for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. By blocking their action, gatifloxacin prevents the bacteria from multiplying and repairing themselves, ultimately killing the bacterial cells. This bactericidal action makes it effective against a wide range of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
The withdrawal of oral gatifloxacin products
Although initially approved for systemic use, oral gatifloxacin products, including Getz Tablet, were eventually withdrawn from many markets, such as the US and Canada. This decision was based on mounting reports of serious adverse effects, specifically severe blood sugar dysregulation (dysglycemia). The mechanism of this side effect was linked to the drug's effect on pancreatic beta cells, which can lead to reduced insulin release. This presented a significant risk, particularly for diabetic patients, who experienced a high incidence of hyperglycemic (high blood sugar) and hypoglycemic (low blood sugar) episodes.
- Key concerns that led to the withdrawal:
- Abnormally high blood sugar (hyperglycemia)
- Dangerously low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)
- Increased risk, especially in diabetic patients
- Potential for severe adverse events, including hospitalizations and deaths
Comparison of oral vs. ophthalmic gatifloxacin
| Feature | Oral Gatifloxacin (e.g., Former Getz Tablet) | Ophthalmic Gatifloxacin (Eye Drops) |
|---|---|---|
| Route of Administration | Taken by mouth | Applied topically to the eye |
| Primary Use | Formerly treated systemic infections like pneumonia, UTIs, and sinusitis | Treats bacterial infections of the eye, such as conjunctivitis |
| Primary Risk | Systemic adverse effects, most notably severe dysglycemia | Localized side effects, including eye irritation, blurred vision, or altered taste |
| Current Status | Withdrawn from many markets due to safety concerns | Considered safe and effective for topical eye use |
| Reason for Difference | Systemic absorption of the drug led to widespread effects | Minimal systemic absorption prevents the dangerous blood sugar side effects |
Current ophthalmic use of gatifloxacin
Despite the discontinuation of its oral form, gatifloxacin is still safely used in ophthalmic (eye drop) solutions to treat bacterial conjunctivitis and other eye infections. This is because the drug is applied topically to the eye, resulting in very low systemic absorption. The minimal amount that enters the bloodstream is insufficient to cause the severe blood sugar irregularities seen with oral dosing. This topical application allows the antibiotic to be effective against a broad spectrum of bacteria, including those that cause ocular infections, without posing the systemic risks. For patients with bacterial conjunctivitis, ophthalmic gatifloxacin provides a safe and effective treatment option.
What are the main precautions for using gatifloxacin today?
Because the oral tablet form has been withdrawn from the market in many regions, any existing or newer gatifloxacin products will primarily be ophthalmic solutions for treating eye infections. Users must only use the product as prescribed and should be aware of specific precautions related to its topical use:
- Do not use for oral infections or any systemic use: Never ingest ophthalmic gatifloxacin or use it for non-ocular infections.
- Contact lenses: Remove contact lenses before applying the eye drops and wait before reinserting them.
- Proper administration: Follow the instructions for applying eye drops carefully to avoid contamination of the bottle's tip.
- Report side effects: Common but usually mild side effects for eye drops can include eye irritation, blurred vision, or an unpleasant taste. Any persistent or severe reactions should be reported to a doctor immediately.
Conclusion
The use of oral Getz Tablet, which contained the antibiotic gatifloxacin, was for treating systemic bacterial infections but has been discontinued in many countries due to severe risks related to blood sugar levels. Today, the drug gatifloxacin is still safely and effectively used in its ophthalmic (eye drop) formulation for treating bacterial eye infections like conjunctivitis. The difference lies in the route of administration, which prevents the drug from being absorbed systemically at high levels and causing the dangerous side effects associated with its oral form. Always follow the guidance of a healthcare professional regarding any medication, and never use an ophthalmic product for systemic conditions. For information on products from the manufacturer, see the official Getz Pharma website.
