Why You Can't Identify a Pill by Color Alone
While pharmaceutical manufacturers use color for a variety of reasons, it is not a definitive way to identify a medication. The primary purpose of coloring is for marketing, branding, and to help both patients and healthcare providers distinguish between different medications or dosages. For example, a single drug can come in multiple green variations, depending on the dosage or manufacturer.
Additionally, patients may associate certain colors with specific effects due to the placebo effect. Some studies suggest patients may associate colors like green and blue with tranquilizing effects. This does not mean the drug itself has that effect, but rather that a patient's preconceived expectation can influence their experience. Generic versions of a brand-name drug often maintain a similar color scheme for familiarity, but their imprint and shape may differ. Ultimately, a pill's color and shape are only helpful in combination with its unique imprint code.
The Critical First Step: Locating the Imprint Code
The most important piece of information for identifying any pill is the imprint code, which is the sequence of letters, numbers, or symbols stamped onto the tablet or capsule. The FDA requires this unique identifier on most prescription and over-the-counter drugs to aid in identification and prevent medication errors.
If you find a green tablet, your first step should be to look for this code. The imprint might be on one side or both. Without it, you cannot reliably identify the medication. Pills without imprints may include vitamins, supplements, illegal drugs, or medications from other countries not regulated by the FDA.
How to Use a Pill Identifier Tool
After finding the imprint code, you can use a reputable online pill identifier tool to find more information. Here is a step-by-step guide:
- Find the Imprint: Note the exact letters, numbers, and symbols on the pill.
- Use a Database: Access a reliable online database, such as the one on Drugs.com, WebMD, or the National Library of Medicine.
- Enter the Information: Type the imprint code into the search bar. This is the most crucial step for accurate results.
- Refine Your Search: If the imprint yields too many results, use the color and shape options to narrow it down.
- Confirm the Match: The tool will display images of potential matches. Always visually compare the pill you have with the image provided to confirm the identity.
List of Common Green Tablets
- Clonazepam (TEVA 833): A green, round pill used to treat panic disorder, seizures, and anxiety.
- Methylphenidate (K 101): A green, round pill used to treat Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy.
- Hydroxyzine Pamoate (IX 657): A green, oblong capsule used to treat anxiety and tension.
- Simethicone (PO): A green, oblong capsule used to treat gas and stomach-related issues.
- Oxycodone (ALG 264): A green, round, Schedule 2 controlled substance used for pain relief.
Dangers of Taking Unidentified Medications
Taking an unknown pill is extremely dangerous and could have life-threatening consequences. The risks include:
- Overdose: A pill could be counterfeit and contain lethal doses of substances like fentanyl, leading to a fatal overdose. Fentanyl is now a common contaminant in counterfeit pills, and a dose as small as a few grains of salt can be lethal.
- Adverse Drug Reactions: You may have an allergic reaction or an unknown interaction with another medication or substance, like alcohol, that you are taking.
- Aggravation of Existing Conditions: The drug may worsen an underlying health condition you have.
- Legal Consequences: Possessing a controlled substance that was not legally prescribed to you is a crime and can result in severe penalties, including jail time.
How to Safely Dispose of an Unknown Green Tablet
If you find an unknown pill, the safest course of action is to get rid of it properly. Do not flush it down the toilet or throw it in the trash, as this can harm the environment or be found by children or pets. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) provides guidance for safe disposal.
Recommended disposal methods include:
- Drug Take-Back Programs: Many communities, police stations, and pharmacies offer medication take-back programs.
- Household Trash Disposal: If a take-back program is unavailable, mix the pills with an undesirable substance, such as dirt, cat litter, or used coffee grounds. Place the mixture in a sealed bag or container to prevent leakage before throwing it in the trash.
Comparison of Identification Methods
| Method | Reliability | Key Advantages | Key Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|---|
| Color/Shape | Extremely Low | Quick visual observation, may help narrow search when combined with other data. | Many different drugs have the same color/shape; manufacturer and dosage can alter appearance. |
| Imprint Code | High | Most reliable method. Unique identifier required by the FDA for most drugs. | Cannot identify supplements or illegal drugs; code may wear off. |
| Online Pill Identifier | High (with imprint) | Access to large databases of FDA-approved drugs; provides images for visual confirmation. | Cannot identify illegal or foreign drugs; requires correct input of imprint code. |
| Pharmacist/Poison Control | Highest | Direct access to professional expertise and medical records; 24/7 access to information via Poison Control. | Requires contacting a professional; may not be possible in every situation. |
The Bottom Line on Identifying Your Green Tablet
Never, under any circumstances, take a pill that you cannot positively identify. Your safety is paramount. Always use the imprint code in combination with a reliable online database, consult a pharmacist, or contact Poison Control for expert assistance. The dangers of misidentifying a pill—including lethal consequences from counterfeit drugs—are far too great to take a risk. Dispose of unknown medications properly and avoid putting yourself or others in harm's way.
For more information on the dangers of counterfeit pills, refer to the DEA's 'One Pill Can Kill' campaign.
